Thursday, February 28, 2013

E-ink Android phone runs for a week, weighs almost nothing

Who would want a smartphone with a grayscale e-ink screen? Anyone who want days of battery life, superior outdoor readability and low cost should be interested in using the technology in a phone.

Wednesday at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, we got our hands on a prototype Android smartphone with an e-Ink screen and were blown away by just how light it was, how sharp text looked on its screen and how long it could last on a battery charge.

Not keen on giving up your full-color, full HD display on your phone? E-ink technology should be coming soon to back covers for phones, supplying info at a glance without draining your battery.

The device we used has no official name, because it?s one of only a handful of prototypes made by eInk, the company behind the grayscale screens that power so many popular devices like the Kindle and Nook. Our demo came courtesy of Nicholas Charbonnier, the proprietor of ARMdevices.net who has reported extensively about the evolution of e-ink technology. The device is designed to last at least a week on a charge and cost cost as little as ?150 (roughly $195) unsubsidized, he said.

To see a video of the e-ink phone, check out the story on Laptop

Charbonnier told us that the E Ink company is working with hardware partners not only to bring full-fledged e-ink smartphones to market, but also to develop e-ink back panels for popular phones with removable backs. The end products, which could cost as little as $50, would be replace users? existing battery covers with ones that had e-ink screens.

These e-ink accessories would use Bluetooth to communicate to the phone and an app would allow users to put their favorite content on the back of the phone where it could be viewed even when the phone is asleep. Because e-ink screens don?t use any power when not actively changing pictures, these second screens would help increase battery life by helping you avoid activating the front display as often.

The Russian Yota Phone, which we saw at CES, will come with an e-ink screen on its backside when it launches later this year. These upgrade panels would allow users of popular phones to get the same functionality. However, no partnerships have been announced as of yet for either a back panel e-ink replacement or standalone e-ink phone.

Perhaps because it can use a smaller battery or because it has an older ARM processor ? Charbonnier said it has a Qualcomm A5 chip ? the reference design weighed a mere 80 grams and felt as light as paper in our hand.

The device was running a very stripped down, ancient version of Android with a home screen that had a set of tiles for messages, phone, e-reader, contacts, applications and settings. The applications menu had just a handful of apps, including a voice recorder, Web browser and a Chinese app. The contacts list, settings and dialer were all standard Android 2.3 apps. The e-reader had a list of Chinese-language books and, when we opened them, text was sharp.

Unfortunately, it was too dark out at the time of our hands-on to do a direct sunlight test, but Charbonnier captured images of the device outdoors for an article on the e-ink phone and they show a Samsung phone with a screen that?s completely unreadable in the sun right next to the very-sharp e-ink phone. That said, we noticed a lot of bugs in the way the screen drew and redrew it self; there were often artifacts on the screen, which Charbonnier cleared away by shaking the device.

Navigating between menus was painfully slow, and though the device supports multitouch gestures such as pinch-to-zoom, it wasn?t always responsive. There was also significant lag when redrawing the screen, which is always a problem on e-ink screens but was particularly sluggish on this device. That said, it?s important to note this is very much a reference design and proof of concept. When final e-ink phones come out, Charbonnier says they will undoubtedly have an Android skin that uses fewer animations and non-scrolling menus so that the slow draw times are not a problem.

The low power, sharp and images, light weight and low price of dedicated e-ink phones make them particularly compelling for developing markets where cost is important and power is scarce. However, having a second e-ink screen like the Yota Phone is truly compelling in any environment. We can?t wait to see how this initiative turns out.

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/gadgetbox/e-ink-android-phone-runs-week-weighs-almost-nothing-1C8616899

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Space Tourist to Unveil Private Mars Voyage Today

A millionaire space tourist plans to make a major announcement today (Feb. 27) about launching a trip to Mars in 2018.

American businessman Dennis Tito paid about $20 million to visit the International Space Station in 2001 aboard a Russian spacecraft. Now, Tito is launching a new nonprofit organization called the Inspiration Mars Foundation to plan another private trip to space.

Details about the private Mars voyage, including whether it will be manned or robotic, are set to be revealed during a press conference today at Washington, D.C.'s National Press Club. Speakers at the 1 p.m. EST (1800 GMT) event will include Tito, as well as longtime space journalist Miles O?Brien, former NASA flight surgeon Jonathan Clark, a professor of space medicine at Baylor College of Medicine, Taber MacCallum, chief executive officer and chief technology officer of Paragon Space Development Corporation, and Jane Poynter, Paragon's president and chairwoman.

The Inspiration Mars Foundation plans to mount a mission to "take advantage of a unique window of opportunity to launch an historic journey to Mars and back in 501 days," project officials wrote in a media advisory.

"This 'Mission for America' will generate new knowledge, experience and momentum for the next great era of space exploration. It is intended to encourage all Americans to believe again, in doing the hard things that make our nation great, while inspiring youth through Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education and motivation," they added.

Tito, an engineer who once worked at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., founded the investment firm Wilshire Associates, which eventually made him a millionaire. [Photos: The First Space Tourists]

Tito's eight-day trek to space in 2001 made him the first-ever space tourist. Since his trip, six others have followed in his footsteps, paying between $20 million and $35 million through the American firm Space Adventures, which brokers deals with the Russian Federal Space Agency.

No private company has yet launched people to space on commercially built vehicles, though numerous firms, such as Space Exploration Technologies Corp., are working toward that goal.

NASA itself is also pursuing the goal of sending humans to Mars. The space agency is developing a new capsule called Orion, and a new heavy-lift rocket called the Space Launch System (SLS), to take astronauts beyond low-Earth orbit and to new destinations in the solar system, including asteroids and the Red Planet.

To watch Tito's announcement live at 1 p.m. EST (1800 GMT), visit: http://www.inspirationmars.org/.

Follow Clara Moskowitz on Twitter?@ClaraMoskowitz?or SPACE.com?@Spacedotcom. We're also on Facebook?&?Google+.?

Copyright 2013 SPACE.com, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/space-tourist-unveil-private-mars-voyage-today-115543443.html

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Rock Hall of Fame to open Rolling Stones exhibit

AAA??Feb. 27, 2013?5:36 AM ET
Rock Hall of Fame to open Rolling Stones exhibit
AP

EMBARGO UNTIL 5 AM FEB. 27, 2013 - FILE - This April 8, 1964 file photo shows The Rolling Stones during a rehearsal at an unknown location. The British band members, from left, are, Brian Jones, guitar; Bill Wyman, bass; Charlie Watts, drums; Mick Jagger, vocals; and Keith Richards, guitar. The Cleveland-based The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Museum will open ?Rolling Stones: 50 Years of Satisfaction,? an exclusive exhibit celebrating the archetypal rock band, on May 24, 2013. (AP Photo, File)

EMBARGO UNTIL 5 AM FEB. 27, 2013 - FILE - This April 8, 1964 file photo shows The Rolling Stones during a rehearsal at an unknown location. The British band members, from left, are, Brian Jones, guitar; Bill Wyman, bass; Charlie Watts, drums; Mick Jagger, vocals; and Keith Richards, guitar. The Cleveland-based The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Museum will open ?Rolling Stones: 50 Years of Satisfaction,? an exclusive exhibit celebrating the archetypal rock band, on May 24, 2013. (AP Photo, File)

FILE - In this April 22, 1965 file photo, British rock and roll group, The Rolling Stones, arrive at Montreal Airport. They are Mick Jagger, top left, Charlie Watts, top right, Keith Richards, middle left, Brian Jones, middle right, and Bill Wyman. The Cleveland-based The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Museum will open ?Rolling Stones: 50 Years of Satisfaction,? an exclusive exhibit celebrating the archetypal rock band, on May 24, 2013. (AP Photo, File)

This Tuesday, Feb. 26, 2013 photo shows part of the original collage art for the Rolling Stones album "Their Satanic Majesties Request" in the Rock Hall vault in Cleveland. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is readying a new exhibit on the Rolling Stones. The Cleveland-based museum will open ?Rolling Stones: 50 Years of Satisfaction,? an exclusive exhibit celebrating the archetypal rock band, on May 24, 2013. (AP Photo/The Plain Dealer, Scott Shaw) MANDATORY CREDIT; NO SALES

This Tuesday, Feb. 26, 2013 photo shows part of the original collage art for the Rolling Stones album "Their Satanic Majesties Request" in the Rock Hall vault in Cleveland. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is readying a new exhibit on the Rolling Stones. The Cleveland-based museum will open ?Rolling Stones: 50 Years of Satisfaction,? an exclusive exhibit celebrating the archetypal rock band, on May 24, 2013. (AP Photo/The Plain Dealer, Scott Shaw) MANDATORY CREDIT; NO SALES

In this Tuesday, Feb. 26, 2013 photo, Matt Seaman, collections assistant, handles the Rolling Stones album "Their Satanic Majesties Request" with the original collage art in the foreground, in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum vault in Cleveland. The Rock Hall is readying a new exhibit on the Rolling Stones. The Cleveland-based museum will open ?Rolling Stones: 50 Years of Satisfaction,? an exclusive exhibit celebrating the archetypal rock band, on May 24, 2013. (AP Photo/The Plain Dealer, Scott Shaw) MANDATORY CREDIT; NO SALES

CLEVELAND (AP) ? The story of The Rolling Stones is so huge it takes 2? floors of The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum to tell.

The Cleveland-based museum will open "Rolling Stones: 50 Years of Satisfaction," an exclusive exhibit celebrating the archetypal rock band, on May 24.

The exhibit will be open until March 2014 and will include personal and collected items that have never before been seen by the public along with film, text and interactive components and periodic lectures on the band's 50-year career. The entire exhibit will take up more than two floors of the museum.

Mick Jagger, Keith Richards and The Stones recently held a series of concerts to celebrate their 50th year together and there have been rumors of more activity.

___

Online:

http://rockhall.org

http://rollingstones.com

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/4e67281c3f754d0696fbfdee0f3f1469/Article_2013-02-27-Music-Rolling%20Stones/id-a93c2dbc4d674ee8a9989619ce02a256

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ZEN & TECH fitness month wrap-up. Tonight. 6pm PST. 9pm EST

ZEN & TECH fitness month wrap-up. Tonight. 6pm PST. 9pm EST

Fitness Month is wrapping up this week and Georgia and I aim to bring it all into balance with a special episode on... balance! Taking care of work, family, and school can be taxing enough, never mind finding time for ourselves, exercise, nutrition, and relaxation. So how to do fit it all in?

Join us tonight at 6pm PST, 9pm EST to find out!



Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TheIphoneBlog/~3/rVjxmiOZtBE/story01.htm

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Stock futures little changed as market awaits Bernanke, data

NEW YORK (Reuters) - Stock index futures were little changed on Wednesday as investors awaited a second round of testimony in Congress by Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke for signs of whether the Fed will continue its economic stimulus program.

Economic data was also in focus with U.S. durables goods and homes data due out at 8:30 a.m. ET (1330) GMT and 10:00 a.m. ET (1500 GMT), respectively.

Bernanke will make his second appearance before the Financial Services Committee at 10:00 a.m. ET (1500 GMT).

"Of course, Bernanke is in the spotlight again but I don't expect him to vary from his comments from yesterday," said Peter Cardillo, chief market economist at Rockwell Global Capital in New York.

A day earlier, Bernanke strongly defended the Fed's monetary stimulus efforts before Congress, easing financial market worries over an early retreat from the Fed's bond buying program, which had been triggered by minutes of the Fed's January meeting released a week ago.

His remarks, along with data showing sales of new homes hit a 4 1/2-year high, helped U.S. stocks rebound Tuesday from their worst decline since November.

Despite the bounce, the S&P 500 was unable to move back above 1,500, a closely watched level that had been technical support until recently, but may now prove a resistance point.

The benchmark S&P 500, up 6 percent for the year, was within reach of record highs a week ago before the minutes from the Fed's January meeting were released. Since then, the index has shed 1 percent as the minutes raised questions about the longevity of the Fed's economy-stimulating measures.

S&P 500 futures rose 2.1 points and were in line with fair value, a formula that evaluates pricing by taking into account interest rates, dividends and time to expiration on the contract. Dow Jones industrial average futures fell 1 points while Nasdaq 100 futures added 4 points.

In earnings news, Target Corp posted a lower quarterly profit as sales of food and value-priced items only partially mitigated weakness in holiday spending. The stock fell 1.7 percent to $62.99 in premarket trading.

Dollar Tree Inc reported a higher quarterly profit as the chain controlled costs and as consumer spending improved. The stock rose 4.5 percent to $42.91 in premarket trading.

In Europe, shares rose, steadying after the previous session's sharp losses, though jitters over the euro zone kept a lid on gains.

Italy's 10-year debt costs rose more than half a percentage point at the first longer-term auction since an inconclusive parliamentary election, although they remained below the psychologically important level of 5 percent.

(Editing by Bernadette Baum)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/stock-index-futures-signal-mixed-open-103038684--finance.html

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Power Matters Alliance garners support from BlackBerry, NEC, TI and ZTE

Power Matters Alliance garners support from BlackBerry, NEC, TI and ZTE

Another Mobile World Congress, another round of highfalutin' talk surrounding the concept of wireless power. We already witnessed a consumer approach by PowerbyProxi, and now we're hearing that the Power Matters Alliance is getting a second wind as well. The self-proclaimed "leading ecosystem and standard for wireless power" took to Boston-area Starbucks locations last fall, and now it has notched support from BlackBerry, NEC, Texas Instruments, ZTE and dozens more. There's still no word on whether all of these factions are going to bite the bullet and come together in order to actually make some progress that consumers can appreciate, but hey -- we've got nothing but time, right?

Filed under: ,

Comments

Source: Power Matters Alliance

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/02/27/power-matters-alliance-support-from-blackberry-nec-ti-zte/

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Track your CrossFit workout of the days with myWOD For iPhone and iPad

Track your CrossFit workout of the days with myWOD For iPhone and iPad

If you're a CrossFitter, myWOD ? All-in-One WOD Log for CrossFit is an iPhone and iPad app for you to log your CrossFit workout of the day (WOD), keep track of your records, and brag share your accomplishments on Facebook and Twitter. myWOD also allows you to log your Max Weight achievements, as well as pull daily WODs directly from CrossFit.com or your favorites gym's RSS feed. If you prefer to create your own custom WODs, you can do that too.

Some other features of myWOD include graphs to see your progress over time, over 100 preloaded common WODs that are remotely updated, and a built-in heart rate monitor. There are also standard, lap, countdown, interval, and Tabata timers. myWOD is universal for iPhone and iPad and keeps your data in sync with iCloud.

If you do CrossFit and pick this one up, let us know what you think!

And don't forget, it's Mobile Nations fitness month and we're giving away tons of great prizes!

Thanks to @crisisofdesign for the screenshots!



Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TheIphoneBlog/~3/Wsy5tJKeu-M/story01.htm

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Rose in the Hall? Here's how

Baseball's all-time hits king could rehab his image, starting with his appearance

Image: Pete RoseGetty Images

Pete Rose's 4,256 career hits are the most in MLB history and nearly 1,000 more than the active player with the most (Derek Jeter, 3,304).

BY JOE POSNANSKI

updated 1:26 p.m. ET Feb. 27, 2013

A few years ago, I tried an experiment. Whenever I spoke ? whether it was at a convention or a church gathering or an Optimist Club meeting ? I would find the time to ask a question: How many of you think Pete Rose belongs in the baseball Hall of Fame?

I would say ? and this is conservative ? at least 90 percent of the hands have gone up in the air.

That?s what statisticians might call "a small sample size." It?s anecdotal. Your experience might be completely different ? you might not know anyone who thinks Rose should be in the Hall. But I?d say most fans ? even some who don?t like Rose ? think he deserves a place in Cooperstown.

Look at it: Rose got more hits and reached base more times than anyone (he also came to the plate more often and made more outs). He was amazing, durable and iconic. He was a hero in perhaps the greatest World Series ever, 1975 against the Red Sox. He played in 17 All-Star Games, won a season MVP, a World Series MVP, two Gold Gloves, three batting championships ? and he was banished for gambling on baseball as a manager almost 25 years ago. Many people think the punishment overshoots the crime.

But it?s one thing to think Rose belongs in the Hall. It?s another to map out a path for him. That?s much harder.

There are two ways to get elected. One is by the Baseball Writers Association of America, but that track seems closed for Rose: his eligibility to be on the ballot expired more than a decade ago. True, Rose?s name never appeared because he was banned. Still, it seems unlikely Rose could get on the ballot now.

Second ? and more importantly ? even if Rose somehow did get on the ballot, he?d get nowhere near the necessary 75 percent of the votes. Remember, this is a group that did not vote anyone in this year.

The other way in is through the Veteran?s Committee, a collection of living Hall of Famers. Again, I?ve been doing my own informal polling. I think Rose has almost no chance of getting 75 percent of their vote. The vets' feelings about Rose, who has alienated so many people with his gambling and bad decisions the last quarter-century, seem even more entrenched than the writers?.

So what?s the Rose road map? Is there one? How could he realistically get in? I asked Dan McGinn, a leading crisis manager who works with companies and individuals coping with the most intense catastrophes and difficulties imaginable. McGinn also believes strongly that Rose does belong in the Hall of Fame.

?Look, you can certainly make an argument that Pete Rose has been his own worst enemy,? he began. ?I could see a scenario where, if he had handled all this in a very different way, he might be in the Hall of Fame right now. ? I think Pete would have to begin by asking himself the question: Are you willing to take advice? That?s essential. He can?t make a direct deal to be put on the ballot for the Hall of Fame, I just don?t see that happening. Pete has to make a commitment to demonstrate that, for the rest of the years he?s on this earth, he will live a different way.

"Is Pete Rose willing to do that? I can?t answer the question. He?s, what, 71 or 72 years old now? [Rose turns 72 in April)]. He would have to decide how he wants to live the rest of his life and if he wants to leave a different legacy."

I interject here to say that nothing in Rose?s past suggests he would be willing to make this sort of commitment and take this sort of advice. Rose signs autographs in Vegas, and he just did that dumb reality TV show ?Hits and Mrs.,", and it took him forever to admit he bet on baseball, after he was caught and expelled. He grabs for attention, even third-rate attention. It is part of his psyche.

But let?s say he did take advice. What could he do?


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Source: http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/50973345/ns/sports-baseball/

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Eat,drink+be Kerry: Layered Red Velvet, Coffee and Chocolate ...

Just one look at this cake and I want to dive right in!

It ticks all my boxes with its combo of Nespresso Ristretto coffee, chocolate and cream cheese icing. You'll spend a bit of time making it but the response will be fabulous. Definitely a special occasion dessert.

Masterchef Runner up 2012 Julia Taylor, a Brisbane gal, created the recipe.

Layered cakes used to be a bit old hat, but have become very popular since Martha Stewart featured university student Kaitlin Flannery creating the infamous Rainbow-layered Cake.

This cake doesn't have as many layers (a time blessing) but it certainly has plate appeal. Here's how to make it.


RED VELVET CAKE:

125g unsalted butter
250g caster sugar
1 tsp vanilla extract
2 eggs
2 tbs cocoa powder
50ml red food colouring
400g plain flour (2 1/2 cups)
1 tsp baking powder
1 tsp salt
1 cup buttermilk
1 tsp white vinegar
1 tsp bicarbonate of soda

Pre-heat oven to 180C. Grease and line two 20cm cake tins. Cream butter and sugar until light and fluffy, add vanilla. Add eggs one at a time, scraping the bowl down after each addition. Add cocoa powder and red food colouring, starting on slow speed until thoroughly combined. In a separate bowl, sift together the flour, baking powder and salt. With the mixer on low speed, alternately add the flour mix and buttermilk until just combined.

Mix together the vinegar and bicarbonate of soda in a small bowl and quickly fold through the cake batter. Pour batter into two tins and bake for 18-20 minutes or until risen and springy to the touch. Cool and take out of tins; reserve for cake assembly.

CHOCOLATE AND NESPRESSO RISTRETTO CAKE:

125g unsalted butter
125g caster sugar
150g dark chocolate (70%), melted
125g egg yolks (approx. 6)
1 tsp vanilla extract
180g egg whites (approx. 6)
90g caster sugar
pinch salt
125g plain flour

Pre-heat oven to 165C. Grease and line two 20cm cake tins.

Cream butter and sugar until light and fluffy, then slowly add the cooled melted chocolate to the mix, followed by the egg yolks and vanilla. In a separate bowl, whip the egg whites to soft peaks, slowly adding the sugar and salt ? this gives a meringue base. Fold 1/3 of the meringue into the chocolate mixture, then 1/2 the flour. Follow with the remaining meringue and flour and divide among the two tins. Bake for 20-22 minutes or until just springy to the touch ? the cake will be slightly undercooked and fudgy. Cool and remove from tins; reserve for cake assembly.

NESPRESSO RISTRETTO SYRUP:

4 x 20ml shots of Ristretto (4 capsules ? 80ml)
70ml water
70g caster sugar
In a small saucepan, bring the espresso, water and sugar to the boil. Simmer gently until reduced by half.

CREAM CHEESE ICING:

200g unsalted butter
2 x 375g packets cream cheese
1kg pure icing sugar
Cream the butter in a free-standing mixer until light and fluffy. Add the cream cheese and continue to whip until the mixture has no lumps ? this may take some time if the cream cheese is cold. Slowly add the icing sugar, remembering to scrape down the bowl occasionally.

TO DECORATE:

Using a serrated knife, trim the tops off the four cakes. Keep the tops of the red velvet cakes for crumb decoration. With a pastry brush (or teaspoon), gently soak the two chocolate cakes with the Ristretto syrup. Place one red velvet cake onto a plate or cake stand, and place a layer of icing on top about 1cm thick. I like to use a piping bag for evenness but a flat knife or a spatula are fine. Top with a Ristretto-soaked chocolate cake, then more icing. Repeat with the remaining red velvet and Ristretto chocolate cakes. Cover the sides and top of the cake with a thin layer of icing and place in the fridge to chill. This is the base coat or ?dirty ice? for the cake.

Once chilled, take the cold cake and cover with a second layer of icing. This works best with the cake cold and icing at room temperature, so the icing is easy to spread. Whiz the red velvet cut-offs to crumbs in a blender and use to decorate the cake if desired. I love cutting a heart-shaped stencil out of baking paper and dusting a red heart on top with the crumbs!

Kerry Heaney

Disclaimer: This is not a paid post.

Source: http://eatdrinkandbekerry.blogspot.com/2013/02/layered-red-velvet-coffee-and-chocolate.html

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Gay marriage: why corporations are coming out against DOMA

Nearly 300 US companies filed a brief on behalf of the New York woman whose challenge of DOMA has reached the Supreme Court. Why support gay marriage? For one, it's just good business.

By Daniel B. Wood,?Staff writer / February 27, 2013

Pictured in this file photo is Edith Windsor who sued the government in November 2010 because she was told to pay $363,053 in federal estate tax after her partner of 44 years, Thea Spyer, died in 2009. On Wednesday, 278 companies filed an amicus brief in support of Windsor's case which has been taken up by the Supreme Court.

AP Photo/Richard Drew, File

Enlarge

Wading into the highly emotional but quickly shifting national debate over gay marriage, 278 companies filed an amicus brief Wednesday in support of Edith Windsor, the New York woman whose challenge of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) has been taken up by the United States Supreme Court.

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Among the companies filing the brief are behemoths Microsoft, Google, Amazon, and Starbucks, corporate entities associated with America?s youth culture. But others include pharmaceutical giant Pfizer, insurance mainstay Aetna, and Citigroup.

In addition to the challenge to DOMA, which centers on Ms. Windsor?s having had to pay a substantial federal estate tax following the death of her partner of more than 40 years, whom she married in Canada, the Supreme Court is also taking up California?s Proposition 8 ban on same-sex marriage. Windsor would not have had to pay any federal estate tax on the inheritance had the United States recognized her marriage. The court will hear arguments on Prop. 8 on March 26, and on DOMA on March 27.

So what interests do corporations, which usually shun controversy, have in urging the Supreme Court to sign off on gay marriage? One reason, it appears, is they think it?s just good business.

Interviews with legal experts, marketing and public relations specialists, and others say the reasons are more complex than just the increased social acceptance of gay marriage, reflected in opinion polls and such actions as President Obama?s historic embrace of it last year. They say businesses are acting in the interest of their own economic bottom line.

?A lot of these corporations looked at what happened with Chick-Fil-A last summer and decided that coming out against same-sex marriage is bad for business,? says Robert ?Hume, a professor of political science at Fordham University in New York. Chick-Fil-A, the southern-based food franchise, became embroiled in demonstrations and boycotts last year after president Dan Cathy came out against gay marriage and in support of the ?biblical definition of the family unit.?

?With people across the political spectrum coming out in favor on same-sex marriage and with young people overwhelmingly behind it, corporations might have decided that it is only a matter time before it becomes our national policy too,? says Professor Hume. ?They don?t want to get on the wrong side of this issue.?

The corporations themselves trumpet their commitment to fairness and inclusion.

?We are proud of our longstanding commitment to diversity, inclusion, and equal treatment of all our employees within our benefits programs,? David Rodriguez, executive vice president of Marriott, said in a statement. ?Joining the Business Coalition for DOMA Repeal affirms that commitment, and we urge Congress to pass this important legislation.?

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/BxIYKylm4YA/Gay-marriage-why-corporations-are-coming-out-against-DOMA

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Wednesday, February 27, 2013

Video: Blood vessels 'sniff' gut microbes to regulate blood pressure

Wednesday, February 27, 2013

Researchers at The Johns Hopkins University and Yale University have discovered that a specialized receptor, normally found in the nose, is also in blood vessels throughout the body, sensing small molecules created by microbes that line mammalian intestines, and responding to these molecules by increasing blood pressure. The finding suggests that gut bacteria are an integral part of the body's complex system for maintaining a stable blood pressure.

A description of the research, conducted in mice and test tubes, appeared online Feb. 11 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

"The contribution that gut microbes apparently make to blood pressure regulation and human health is a surprise," says Jennifer Pluznick, Ph.D., assistant professor of physiology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. "There is still much to learn about this mechanism, but we now know some of the players and how they interact," she adds.

Pluznick says that several years ago, thanks to a "happy coincidence," she found ? in the kidney ? some of the same odor-sensing proteins that give the nose its powers. Focusing on one of those proteins, olfactory receptor 78 (Olfr78), her team specifically located it in the major branches of the kidney's artery and in the smaller arterioles that lead into the kidney's filtering structures. Olfr78 also turned up in the walls of small blood vessels throughout the body, she says, particularly in the heart, diaphragm, skeletal muscle and skin.

To figure out which molecules bind and activate Olfr78, the scientists programmed cells to have Olfr78 protein receptors on their surface. They also gave these same cells the ability to start a light-producing chemical reaction whenever Olfr78 is activated. By adding different cocktails of molecules to the cells and measuring the light the cells produced, they homed in on a single mixture that activated Olfr78. They then tested each component in that mix and found that only acetic acid (a.k.a. vinegar) bound Olfr78 and caused the reaction.

Acetic acid and its alter ego, acetate, are part of a group of molecules known as short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). When the team tested other molecules in this group, they found that propionate, which is similar to acetate, also binds Olfr78. In the body of mammals, including humans, SCFAs are made when zillions of bacteria lining the gut digest starch and cellulose from plant-based foods. The SCFAs are absorbed by the intestines into the blood stream, where they can interact with Olfr78.

To pinpoint the effect of Olfr78, the scientists gave SCFAs to mice missing the Olfr78 gene and found that the rodents' blood pressure decreased, suggesting that SCFAs normally induce Olfr78 to elevate blood pressure. However, when they gave SCFAs to normal mice with intact Olfr78, they did not see the expected increase in blood pressure, but rather a decrease, though it was less pronounced than before.

To test the effect of reducing the SCFAs available to Olfr78, the team gave mice a three-week course of antibiotics to wipe out the gut microbes responsible for SCFA production. In this case, normal mice showed very little change in blood pressure, but mice without Olfr78 experienced an increase in blood pressure, suggesting that there were other factors involved in the Olfr78/SCFA/blood pressure relationship.

The mystery was solved, Pluznick says, when the team examined mice lacking Gpr41, a non-smell-related protein receptor located in blood vessel walls that also binds SCFAs. When SCFAs bind to Gpr41, blood pressure is decreased. The researchers eventually discovered that Olfr78 and Gpr41 both are activated by SCFAs, but with contradictory effects. The negative effect of Gpr41 is counterbalanced by the positive effect of Olfr78, but Gpr41's effect is stronger, so an increase in SCFAs produces an overall decrease in blood pressure.

"We don't have the full story yet," says Pluznick. "There are many players involved in the maintenance of stable levels of blood pressure, and these are just a few of them. We don't know why it would be beneficial for blood pressure to decrease after eating or why gut microbes would play a part in signaling that change. But our work opens the door for exploring the effects of antibiotic treatments, probiotics and other dietary changes on blood pressure levels in mice, and perhaps eventually people."

###

Link to article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1215927110

Johns Hopkins Medicine: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org

Thanks to Johns Hopkins Medicine for this article.

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Judge refuses to toss gay Calif. veteran's lawsuit

LOS ANGELES (AP) ? A lawsuit brought by a lesbian Army veteran and her wife over the denial of disability benefits can move forward over the objections of the Department of Justice, a federal judge in California ruled Monday.

U.S. District Judge Consuelo Marshall refused to dismiss Tracey Cooper-Harris' challenge to the federal Defense of Marriage Act and to two other laws that make same-sex spouses of military veterans ineligible for benefits available to straight spouses. Marshall did not explain her reasoning in court, but said she would issue a written ruling at a later date.

The Justice Department under President Obama has refused to defend the 1996 Defense of Marriage Act, and argued that the U.S. Supreme Court should strike it down as unconstitutional when it hears arguments in another lawsuit next month.

But the department had asked for Cooper-Harris' case to be tossed out on the grounds that veterans' claims can only be heard by an administrative Board of Veterans' Appeals.

Cooper-Harris suffers from multiple sclerosis and receives disability benefits from the Department of Veterans Affairs. She and her wife, Maggie Cooper-Harris, got married in California during the brief period in 2008 when same-sex unions were legal in the state.

Citing the Defense of Marriage Act, which prohibits the government from recognizing same-sex marriages, and veterans' benefits laws that define a spouse as a person of the opposite sex, the VA denied the couple's application for additional money and benefits that married veterans are entitled to receive.

In the case of the couple, they would receive about $150 more a month in disability payments, and Maggie Cooper-Harris would be eligible for about $1,200 a month in survivor's benefits if her wife died, said Southern Poverty Law Center deputy legal director Christine Sun, who is representing the couple.

Even though the Supreme Court is set to examine the Defense of Marriage Act, the justices could end up issuing a narrow decision that does not settle the question of whether the act is constitutional, in which case it would remain important for Cooper-Harris' case to remain active, Sun said. Marshall has scheduled the next hearing for April 1.

"The significance of the court's ruling today is it vindicates the right of Tracie and Maggie Cooper-Harris to go forward to have their day in court," she said.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/judge-refuses-toss-gay-calif-veterans-lawsuit-020426943.html

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SES New York Keynote Speaker Says Internet is TV's Best Friend ...

mike-proulx-laughThe Internet didn?t kill TV! According to Mike Proulx, the Internet has become TV?s best friend. Proulx will be the opening keynote speaker at SES New York 2013. The leading event for experienced marketing and advertising professionals will take place March 25-28, 2013, at the New York Marriott Marquis.

Proulx is a Senior Vice President and the Director of Social Media at Hill Holliday, a renowned advertising agency based in Boston, where he leads a team with a focus on cross-channel integration, emerging and social media. He has spent the last 17 years working at various interactive, high-tech, and new media companies on the agency-side, client-side, and as an entrepreneur. He has spoken at dozens of events and has been widely featured in the press including The New York Times, Fast Company, TV Guide, Forbes, BusinessWeek, Mashable, BuzzFeed, and NPR.

Proulx conceived, produced, directed, and co-host the TVnext summit, which took place in early 2011 and 2012. He is the co-author of Social TV, a best-selling book from Wiley publishing that launched in February of 2012. He is also the host of the social TV web series, ?The Pulse on Lost Remote?. He holds a Master?s degree in Computer Information Systems from Bentley University and in 2012 was named the Ad Club?s Media All Star.

His opening keynote is titled, ?Social TV: How Marketers Can Reach and Engage Audiences by Connecting Television to the Web, Social Media, and Mobile.?

Search Engine Watch (SEW) asked Mike Proulx (MP) five questions about his upcoming keynote. Here are his answers:

SEW: How does the convergence of television with the web, social media, and mobile change our behaviors and shake up our long standing beliefs about TV?

MP: There are those who believe that television is a traditional medium with an impending death. The web, social media, and mobile have evolved TV into a multi-screen experience that transcends devices. Not only are we watching more television than ever before, we?re interacting with programming on the ?second screen? in ways that enrich storylines and bring us together to virtually co-view. The modern era of television is a new media that?s more social, more connected, and more portable?and because of this TV is more alive than it?s ever been.

SEW: How has social media created a new and powerful "backchannel" and why does this fuel the renaissance of live broadcasts?

MP: There are a ton of posts happening in social media about any given TV show as it airs. Since Twitter is open and public, it acts as television?s backchannel filled with real-time commentary and conversation ? And it?s not just about TV series but also TV commercials giving producers and marketers instant feedback about their content. Live television events are seeing some of the highest ratings in years and social media brings a level of community and connection to TV watching the likes of which the medium has never before experienced.

SEW: Can you give us some examples of how mobile devices allow us to watch and interact with television whenever and wherever we want?

MP: Tablets, smartphones, and laptops enable television?s portability but it?s apps like HBO Go, ABC Player, Xfinity Remote, and CNN that deliver ?TV? content via those devices. And in the 4G world of mobile, we can watch TV in places once inconceivable. My favorite spot? Laying out on the roof deck on a warm summer night with my iPad in hand streaming HBO?s The Newsroom.

SEW: Why would ?connected TVs? blend web and television content into a unified big screen experience that will bring us back into our living rooms?

MP: Apple TV, Roku, Boxee TV, Google TV, Samsung Smart TVs, etc. stream online video (that was once relegated to our computer screens) onto the ?big screen? of our living rooms. HD YouTube clips suddenly come to life in ways that are far more impactful and dynamic than tiny smartphone screens further blurring the lines of what?s ?TV.? While the notion of TV everywhere lets us watch TV at will regardless of our physical location, the increasingly seamless ability to channel streaming video through the TV set makes the living room that much more compelling.

SEW: With the television landscape changing, why should brands approach the medium once labeled ?traditional? as new media?

MP: TV has become mashed up with the Web, social media, and mobile. Television networks, providers, brands, and agencies must continue to unshackle themselves from dated business and advertising models and rediscover television as a new medium. This means planning television and digital together to tell stories across devices and engage viewers with TV experiences not just TV shows. The speed, scale, and degree of change that has and is happening create enormous opportunity for those brands who have the courage to innovate.

SES New York 2013 offers a variety of conference passes and on-site training. If you register by Thursday, March 7, 2013, you can save up to $600 on Platinum or All Access passes.

For more information, click on Rates and Registration Details. Group discounts for 4 or more pass holders from the same company are also available by contacting [email?protected] and are the best value for the lowest price possible.

I should disclose that SES New York is a client of my agency. But, trust me, TV is not dead yet.


SES New York

Become an Expert Digital Marketer at SES New York
March 25-28, 2013: With dozens of sessions on Search, Social, Local and Mobile, you'll leave SES with everything and everyone you need to know. Hurry, early bird rates expire February 21. Register today!

Source: http://searchenginewatch.com/article/2250850/SES-New-York-Keynote-Speaker-Says-Internet-is-TVs-Best-Friend

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Court orders publisher to add Strauss-Kahn insert

Dominique Strauss-Kahn, left, the former International Monetary Fund chief, addresses the media, as he files a lawsuit over a new book about a past relationship, Tuesday, Feb. 26, 2013, in Paris. Dominique Strauss-Kahn says he's sick of people trying to exploit his private life to make money. The former International Monetary Fund chief filed a lawsuit over a new book by a woman describing a sexual relationship with him last year. Strauss-Kahn met with a Paris judge on Tuesday about the book by Marcela Iacub, called "Beauty and the Beast." The judge is expected to rule on the complaint later Tuesday. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena)

Dominique Strauss-Kahn, left, the former International Monetary Fund chief, addresses the media, as he files a lawsuit over a new book about a past relationship, Tuesday, Feb. 26, 2013, in Paris. Dominique Strauss-Kahn says he's sick of people trying to exploit his private life to make money. The former International Monetary Fund chief filed a lawsuit over a new book by a woman describing a sexual relationship with him last year. Strauss-Kahn met with a Paris judge on Tuesday about the book by Marcela Iacub, called "Beauty and the Beast." The judge is expected to rule on the complaint later Tuesday. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena)

(AP) ? A lawyer for Dominique Strauss-Kahn is claiming victory after a judge ruled that a publisher must add an insert to a book about the former International Monetary Fund chief's sexual relationship with the author.

Jean Veil said Wednesday the publisher will be fined ?50 ($65) for each copy of Marcela Iacub's "Beauty and the Beast" that fails to comply. The Nouvel Observateur newspaper, which printed an interview with Iacub and excerpts, also must put a legal notice on its front page, the French newspaper said. It said the insert text must say that the book violates Strauss-Kahn's privacy.

Strauss-Kahn's private life was thrown in the spotlight in 2011 when a New York hotel maid accused him of trying to rape her. Strauss-Kahn reached a legal settlement with her last year.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-02-27-France-Strauss-Kahn/id-ca1359862b6c4748a1aab52cd98fcf2c

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Pierce lifts road-weary Celtics over Jazz in OT

(AP) ? The Boston Celtics weren't too tired after playing five games in seven days back and forth across time zones.

They had enough left to play overtime to close out a long Western road trip, beating the Utah Jazz 110-107 on Monday night.

Thirty-five-year-old Paul Pierce led Boston with 26 points, including seven straight in the extra session.

"It was huge," Celtics coach Doc Rivers said. "Whatever that was, it was the best win of the year for me. . To go into overtime and still have enough to win."

It wasn't just the ageless Pierce. Kevin Garnett, three months shy of his 37th birthday, stood strong at the end, refusing to let Rivers sub him out by insisting, "I am good."

Rivers didn't believe that, "but I kept him in and he was terrific."

Garnett had four points in overtime on 2-of-2 shooting, with three rebounds. He finished with 13 points, 10 rebounds, a blocked shot and steal.

The Celtics also got a big game from Avery Bradley, who scored a season-high 18 points on 8-of-12 shooting.

Pierce had a chance to win it in regulation, but his 19-footer at the buzzer rimmed out.

Alec Burks' reverse layup pulled Utah to 108-105 with 37 seconds left in overtime. Garnett's banked 3-pointer with 13 seconds left came after the shot clock expired, giving the Jazz another chance.

Paul Millsap was fouled before he could get off a 3, but made two free throws with 4.2 seconds remaining.

Courtney Lee added two free throws at the other end with 1.2 seconds left to bump Boston's lead back to three, and Randy Foye's 26-footer at the buzzer missed everything.

It was another one the Jazz let get away, though Monday's game had huge swings both ways from start to finish.

Overall, the game had 13 lead changes and was tied 17 times.

"We were in position," said Jazz forward Marvin Williams. "We fought back in the fourth quarter to force overtime but Boston just made big plays down the stretch."

Gordon Hayward led Utah with 26 points, Millsap had 16 and Al Jefferson finished with 15 points and 11 rebounds.

The Celtics (30-27) were playing their fifth game in seven days, but didn't seem to care down the stretch.

The Jazz (31-26) led 101-99 in overtime on DeMarre Carroll's 21-footer, but Pierce countered with a 3-pointer, then followed with a pull-up jumper over Carroll and a 15-footer to give the Celtics a 106-101 edge with 1:12 left.

Jefferson hit a 15-footer with 1:05 left to get Utah within 106-103, but Garnett's jumper helped seal it.

"We knew this was probably going to be the toughest game for us physically and mentally," Pierce said. "Talking about a long road trip, coming in to one of the toughest places to play. We felt we could salvage this trip with a win here. So guys did a good job of just being mentally tough, digging in and doing what we had to do to get the win."

The Celtics, who went 2-3 on the trip, also were smart down the stretch, fouling with fouls to give and finding a wide-open Lee on the inbounds pass when the Jazz needed a late steal in overtime. His free throws provided the final margin.

The Jazz trailed by eight entering the fourth but opened on a 13-2 run.

Jefferson's 10-foot turnaround jumper over Brandon Bass tied it at 93 with 2:46 left in regulation.

Pierce hit an 18-footer with Carroll diving at him for a 97-95 Boston lead with 36 seconds remaining in regulation, only to see Burks tie it with a tough layup with 19 seconds left.

"We wanted to win in regulation," Pierce said. "It would have felt better just to get a stop when we needed it. That's what we need to get better at. We didn't do it in Portland. We didn't do it tonight. That's what we need to start focusing on. When we get the lead and we need crucial stops, we have to figure out how to get them."

The game took a 16-point swing in the third, as Boston trailed 58-50 only to counter with a 20-4 run and lead 80-72 entering the fourth.

Pierce ignited the run with a 3-pointer, Bradley hit two more 3s and Lee added a dunk after a steal and another 3-pointer. Pierce capped the run with a jumper over Hayward for a 70-62 Boston lead.

The Celtics hit 6 of 13 3-pointers in the 32-point third quarter, while Utah made just 5 of 16 from the field.

It was the same story as Saturday, when the Jazz fought back early only to see the Los Angeles Clippers go on a 23-4 run and douse any hopes.

A Jazz team that had won three straight and seven of 10 has now dropped two in a row.

While Hayward showed he is recovered from a right shoulder injury despite missing a pair of shots in overtime, the Jazz still need point guard Mo Williams back from a thumb injury.

Monday, Earl Watson started over Jamaal Tinsley, but Burks ended up playing the position during Utah's big second-quarter run.

Pierce said Boston reverted to various defenses to slow the Jazz.

"We did a lot of zone, did a lot of man and tried to force turnovers," Pierce said. "That's what we have to do. A lot of times we had to go to small because they had plenty of size and they rebound well. We just junked up the game a little bit by changing our defense."

It may have been junk, but it was a win nonetheless.

"We have champions," said guard Jason Terry, who made four 3-pointers and finished with 14 points and two assists off the bench for Boston.

"When you have champions that have been through so many tough games as we have, then you know you're in good hands. For us, we hang our hat on executing down the stretch."

NOTES; Jazz F Derrick Favors picked up his third foul with 9:06 left in the second quarter. . Jazz G Foye needed four 3-pointers to tie Mehmet Okur (129, 2006-07) for the franchise single-season record. Foye went 0-5 Saturday but hit his first Monday and finished 2 of 6. . Bradley started 5 of 5 and had 10 points in six minutes for Boston, while Millsap started 4 of 4 for Utah. . The Jazz led 53-48 at halftime.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2013-02-26-Celtics-Jazz/id-4b9bd71341154dd2931541011ec2b2f2

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Mars might still harbor life, say scientists

Liquid water might flow seasonally at some places on Mars, potentially supporting microbial life, say some researchers.

By Rod Pyle,?SPACE.com / February 25, 2013

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope snapped this shot of Mars on Aug. 26, 2003, when the Red Planet was 34.7 million miles from Earth. The picture was taken just 11 hours before Mars made its closest approach to us in 60,000 years.

NASA/ESA

Enlarge

While Mars was likely a more hospitable place in its wetter, warmer past, the Red Planet may still be capable of supporting microbial life today, some scientists say.

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Ongoing research in Mars-like places such as Antarctica and Chile's Atacama Desert shows that microbes can eke out a living in extremely cold and dry environments, several researchers stressed at "The Present-Day Habitability of?Mars" conference held here at the University of California Los Angeles this month.

And not all parts of the Red Planet's surface may be arid currently ? at least not all the time. Evidence is building that liquid?water might flow seasonally?at some Martian sites, potentially providing a haven for life as we know it.

"We certainly can't rule out the possibility that it's habitable today," said Alfred McEwen of the University of Arizona, principal investigator for the HiRise camera aboard NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft. [The Search for Life on Mars: A Photo Timeline]

Surface water on Mars?

McEwen discussed some intriguing observations by HiRise, which suggest that briny water may flow down steep Martian slopes during the local spring and summer.

Sixteen such sites have been identified to date, mostly on the slopes of the huge Valles Marineris canyon complex, McEwen said. The tracks seem to repeat seasonally as the syrupy fluids descend along weather-worn pathways.

While the brines may originate underground, Caltech's Edwin Kite noted, there is an increasing suspicion that a process known as deliquescence ? in which moisture present in the atmosphere is gathered by compounds on the ground, allowing it to become a liquid ? may be responsible.

Astrobiologists are keen to learn more about these brines, for not much is known about them at the moment.

"Briny?water on Mars?may or may not be habitable to microbes, either from Earth or from Mars," McEwen said.

Hardy microbes

Martian life?may be able to survive even in places where water doesn't seep and flow, some scientists stressed.

For example, microbes here on Earth make a living in the Atacama and the dry valleys of Antarctica, both of which are extremely cold and arid, said Chris McKay of NASA's Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, Calif.

Antarctic sites also receive seasonally high ultraviolet radiation doses thanks to a hole in the ozone layer that tends to develop every August through November. This provides yet another parallel to Mars, whose thin atmosphere and lack of a protective magnetic field make the planet more radiation-bombarded than Earth.

In the Antarctic dry valleys, McKay said, organisms dwell within rocks, just deep enough to be shielded from the worst of the UV but close enough to the surface to receive the benefits of photosynthesis. Something similar might be happening on Mars today, if life ever evolved there.

McKay also discussed deliquescence, which in the Atacama allows salts to gather enough water to support the existence of life.

McKay offered some advice to NASA's?Mars rover Curiosity, which landed in August to determine whether Mars could ever have supported microbial life: "Watch for salt along the road!"

A possible energy source

A number of presenters spent some time talking about perchlorate, a chlorine-containing chemical that NASA's Phoenix lander spotted near the Martian north pole in 2008.

McKay and other researchers think perchlorate may be the reason that NASA's twin Viking landers didn't detect any organic compounds ? the carbon-containing building blocks of life as we know it ? on the Red Planet back in the 1970s.

The Vikings vaporized Martian soil and looked for any organics boiling off. They found nothing but a few chlorine compounds that were attributed to contamination. But after Phoenix's perchlorate find, McKay and some other researchers performed an experiment.

They added perchlorate to some desert dirt from Chile known to contain organics. They heated the soil up and found the same chlorine compounds the Vikings did, suggesting that organics may have been present in the Vikings' samples but were broken down by the combination of heat and perchlorate.

While this backstory is interesting in its own right, perchlorate is also relevant to the possible habitability of present-day Mars.

"Perchlorate, it turns out, is a potent chemoautotrophic energy source," said Carol Stoker, also of NASA Ames, noting that the chemical could potentially sustain microbes in the dark?Martian subsurface, where photosynthesis is not an option.

And some Earth microbes use perchlorate for food, so that could be happening on Mars as well, scientists have pointed out.

"The Present-Day Habitability of Mars" took place Feb. 4-5 and was co-hosted by the NASA Astrobiology institute and the UK Centre for Astrobiology. Archived videos of conference presentations are?available here.

Follow SPACE.com on Twitter?@Spacedotcom. We're also on?Facebook?&?Google+.

Copyright 2013?SPACE.com, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/science/~3/5rG4oj0DCio/Mars-might-still-harbor-life-say-scientists

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Chinese pro hackers don't work weekends

Beijing hotly denies accusations of official involvement in massive cyberattacks against foreign targets, insinuating such activity is the work of rogues. But at least one piece of evidence cited by experts points to professional cyberspies: China's hackers don't work weekends.

Accusations of state-sanctioned hacking took center stage this past week following a detailed report by a U.S.-based Internet security firm Mandiant. It added to growing suspicions that the Chinese military is not only stealing national defense secrets and harassing dissidents but also pilfering information from foreign companies that could be worth millions or even billions of dollars.

Experts say Chinese hacking attacks are characterized not only by their brazenness, but by their persistence.

"China conducts at least an order of magnitude more than the next country," said Martin Libicki, a specialist on cyber warfare at the Rand Corporation, based in Santa Monica, California. The fact that hackers take weekends off suggests they are paid, and that would belie "the notion that the hackers are private," he said.

Libicki and other cyber warfare experts have long noted a Monday-through-Friday pattern in the intensity of attacks believed to come from Chinese sources, though there has been little evidence released publicly directly linking the Chinese military to the attacks.

Mandiant went a step further in its report Tuesday saying that it had traced hacking activities against 141 foreign entities in the U.S. Canada, Britain and elsewhere to a group of operators known as the "Comment Crew" or "APT1," for "Advanced Persistent Threat 1," which it traced back to the People's Liberation Army Unit 61398. The unit is headquartered in a nondescript 12-story building inside a military compound in a crowded suburb of China's financial hub of Shanghai.

Attackers stole information about pricing, contract negotiations, manufacturing, product testing and corporate acquisitions, the company said.

Hacker teams regularly began work, for the most part, at 8 a.m. Beijing time. Usually they continued for a standard work day, but sometimes the hacking persisted until midnight. Occasionally, the attacks stopped for two-week periods, Mandiant said, though the reason was not clear.

China denies any official involvement, calling such accusations "groundless" and insisting that Beijing is itself a major victim of hacking attacks, the largest number of which originate in the U.S. While not denying hacking attacks originated in China, Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said Thursday that it was flat out wrong to accuse the Chinese government or military of being behind them.

Mandiant and other experts believe Unit 61398 to be a branch of the PLA General Staff's Third Department responsible for collection and analysis of electronic signals such as e-mails and phone calls. It and the Fourth Department, responsible for electronic warfare, are believed to be the PLA units mainly responsible for infiltrating and manipulating computer networks.

China acknowledges pursuing these strategies as a key to delivering an initial blow to an opponent's communications and other infrastructure during wartime ? but the techniques are often the same as those used to steal information for commercial use.

Office hours
China has consistently denied state-sponsored hacking, but experts say the office hours that the cyberspies keep point to a professional army rather than mere hobbyists or so-called "hacktivists" inspired by patriotic passions.

Mandiant noticed that pattern while monitoring attacks on the New York Times last year blamed on another Chinese hacking group it labeled APT12. Hacker activity began at around 8:00 a.m. Beijing time and usually lasted through a standard workday.

The Rand Corporation's Libicki said he wasn't aware of any comprehensive studies, but that in such cases, most activity between malware embedded in a compromised system and the malware's controllers takes place during business hours in Beijing's time zone.

Richard Forno, director of the University of Maryland Baltimore County's graduate cybersecurity program, and David Clemente, a cybersecurity expert with independent analysis center Chatham House in London, said that observation has been widely noted among cybersecurity specialists.

"It would reflect the idea that this is becoming a more routine activity and that they are quite methodical," Clemente said.

The PLA's Third Department is brimming with resources, according to studies commissioned by the U.S. government, with 12 operation bureaus, three research institutes, and an estimated 13,000 linguists, technicians and researchers on staff. It's further reinforced by technical teams from China's seven military regions spread across the country, and by the military's vast academic resources, especially the PLA University of Information Engineering and the Academy of Military Sciences.

The PLA is believed to have made cyber warfare a key priority in its war-fighting capabilities more than a decade ago. Among the few public announcements of its development came in a May 25, 2011 news conference by Defense Ministry spokesman Geng Yansheng, in which he spoke of developing China's "online" army.

"Currently, China's network protection is comparatively weak," Geng told reporters, adding that enhancing information technology and "strengthening network security protection are important components of military training for an army."

Unit 61398 is considered just one of many such units under the Third Department responsible for hacking, according to experts.

Greg Walton, a cyber-security researcher who has tracked Chinese hacking campaigns, said he's observed the "Comment Crew" at work, but cites as equally active another Third Department unit operating out of the southwestern city of Chengdu. It is tasked with stealing secrets from Indian government security agencies and think tanks, together with the India-based Tibetan Government in Exile, Walton said.

Another hacking outfit believed by some to have PLA links, the "Elderwood Group," has targeted defense contractors, human rights groups, non-governmental organizations, and service providers, according to computer security company Symantec.

It's believed to have compromised Amnesty International's Hong Kong website in May 2012, although other attacks have gone after targets as diverse as the Council on Foreign Relations and Capstone Turbine Corporation, which makes gas microturbines for power plants.

Civilian departments believed to be involved in hacking include those under the Ministry of Public Security, which commands the police, and the Ministry of State Security, one of the leading clandestine intelligence agencies. The MSS is especially suspected in attacks on foreign academics studying Chinese social issues and unrest in the western regions of Tibet and Xinjiang.

Below them on the hacking hierarchy are private actors, including civilian universities and research institutes, state industries in key sectors such as information technology and resources, and college students and other individuals acting alone or in groups, according to analysts, University of Maryland's Forno said.

China's government isn't alone in being accused of cyber espionage, but observers say it has outpaced its rivals in using military assets to steal commercial secrets.

"Stealing secrets is stealing secrets regardless of the medium," Forno said. "The key difference is that you can't easily arrest such electronic thieves since they're most likely not even in the country, which differs from how the game was played during the Cold War."

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Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/technolog/china-hackers-seen-increasingly-professional-dont-work-weekends-1C8543779

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